Damghan University Press Materials Chemistry Horizons 2821-2428 2 2 2023 05 01 Significance of Antioxidants and Methods to Evaluate Their Potency 93 112 310 10.22128/mch.2023.647.1037 EN Yarabahally R Girish Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research & Innovations, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Mandya District, Karnataka, 571448, India 0000-0001-6709-7159 Kothanahally S Sharath Kumar Department of Studies in Chemistry, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore, 570006, India 0000-0003-4378-9833 Kalappa Prashantha Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research & Innovations, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Mandya District, Karnataka, 571448, India 0000-0001-8350-3970 Shobith Rangappa Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Mandya, India Muddenahalli S Sudhanva Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BG Nagara, Mandya, India 0000-0001-9141-6148 Journal Article 2023 01 18 Antioxidants are vital bioactive components which garnered attention of various researchers in the area of in pharmacy, medicine and food engineering. Here we have endeavored our effort to highlight the significance of antioxidants and critical assay methods to analyze the inhibitory activity of the antioxidants. Various in vitro and in vivo assay methods are available to estimate the inhibitory activity of which, hydroxyl radical antioxidant capacity (HORAC) test, the oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) test, the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) test and the total peroxyl radical trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) test are based on the transfer of hydrogen atom. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test, cupric reducing antioxidant power (CUPRAC) test, and the folin–ciocalteu test are based on transfer of an electron. Whereas, the [2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl] (DPPH) test and, 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) tests are based on transfer of both hydrogen and electron. All these assays preliminarily assess the chemical kinetics to reach the chemical equilibrium state and develop chromogenic color or discoloration or develop fluorescence or quenches the fluorescence which can be analyzed in colorimeter or spectrophotometer respectively. In the present review, we have summarized the synthesis of antioxidant materials and their significance and the assay methods which were employed to estimate the inhibitory activity of the antioxidants. https://mch.du.ac.ir/article_310_e7e172edd761c09e329927d93933688a.pdf